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Synthetic Biology |
Synthetic biology is an emerging field of discipline that focuses on redesigning organisms for practical use. Applications of synthetic biology in 2023 have played a role in biomedicine production, and treatment of diseases, and are useful in biotechnology for enabling life technology to design, and manufacture antigens, and other variants.
Synthetic Biology
This is an emerging field of discipline that focuses on
redesigning organisms for practical uses. Synthetic biology produces systems and parts of
biological organisms that have not been developed through remodeling and
manufacturing processes.
To create assembled sequences of
Purpose of Synthetic Biology
Scientists in synthetic biology are attempting to:
Standard biological components: discover and arrange
standardized genetic elements that can be used to create innovative
biological components.
Protein designing: It enlarges natural protein activities for redesigning biological components for natural processes
Synthesis of product: This involves genetically modified
bacteria to create enzymes and biological processes needed to carry out
complicated, multistep manufacturing of the natural product.
Synthetic genomic: Assembling a genome for the naturally
occurring bacterium.
Recent developments in Synthetic biology
Here are some examples of researchers creating novel processes
with synthetic biology:
Bioremediation uses microorganisms to remove contaminants
from our water, soil, and air.
Rice has been genetically modified to generate
beta-carotene; a precursor of vitamin A, present in carrots which results in
vitamin A deficiency. In rural areas, many children suffer from loss of vision every year due to vitamin A deficiency, and it also causes harmful infections
which increases the death rate in children.
Yeast has been modified to create rosette lubricant which is
more sustainable and environmentally friendly as compared to other rose flowers.
This oil is used as a perfume for fragrance in the market.
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Applications of synthetic biology |
Applications of Synthetic Biology
Synthetic Rubber for vehicles
Isoprene is a chemical utilized for different
purposes including synthetic rubber. All living organisms including humans,
plants, and animals produce isoprene which is synthesized by the enzyme isoprene
synthase from the metabolism of dimethyl pyrophosphate. Synthetic biology has
played an important role in making synthetic rubber that comes from petroleum
sources.
Agricultural wastes produce chemicals
All surfactants that are created by agricultural wastes originate from
petrochemical products or seed oils like coconut oil. The emission of carbon dioxide produced from
the manufacturing of surfactants is equal to the burning of billions of gallons
of fuel annually.
Seed oil production is more environmentally friendly and it
protects the rainforest. However, the drawback is that it can generate a limited amount of
seed oil. To solve this issue, the modular surfactant is created from agricultural
waste which is more efficient than other surfactants. Modular surfactant has
various applications in cosmetics formulation and converting indigestible
carbohydrates and soy to new beneficial chemical compounds.
Vaccine Development by Life Technologies
The creation of novel vaccines requires the identification of
antigens such as bacterial contaminants, viruses, and pathogens, and the development
of immunogens that aid in the treatment of diseases. Synthetic biology has allowed life
technologies to create vaccines, synthesize, and test antigens and other variants
faster and more effectively. This life technology provides a quick assay for the isolation
of immunogens.
Chemicals and Biofuel Production
The most popular, economically viable, and renewable liquid fuel is diesel. Although there is no renewable substitute for diesel, LS9, using synthetic biology has created microbial cells that convert renewable sugar into a substitute for diesel. The microbial cell produced a finished and catalyzed product of fuel. LS9 bacterial compounds are engineered by synthetic biology.
Sugars engineered for the replacement of petroleum
Many biofuels and sustainable chemicals are manufactured at
low cost. Fermentation technologies use sucrose from carbohydrates to
engineered biofuels and renewable chemicals. Through fermentation, biofuels and sustainable
chemicals are produced which require less energy and generate less emission of
gases than conventional methods.
Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing Efficiency
To create an innovative, ecologically friendly
production process, a new biocatalytic approach has been developed using
synthetic biology. Synthetic biology refers to the designing and building of new
organisms that have not existed before. New, stable, and useful enzymes have been
engineered to produce efficient pharmaceutical products.
Creating a portfolio for bio-based Services
DSM was the first corporation that used synthetic biology for the manufacturing of the synthetic antibiotic Cephalexin on a commercial scale. The company also developed two enzyme-encoding genes from a bacterial strain of penicillin.
One of the developing business sectors Bio-based goods and services, DSM has built a company that sells antibiotics, proteins, enzymes, organic substances, and other functional products. Combination of enzymes that convert lignocellulose from agricultural wastes to C5 and C6 sugars. DSM company has enabled synthetic biology to produce recombinant yeast through the fermentation of sugars.
Synthetic biology has paved the pathways in the manufacturing
of biofuels, renewable chemicals, ethanol production, and materials generated
from renewable biomass.
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